ISO INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 5456-1 First edition 1996-06-15 Technical drawings - Projection methods Part 1: Synopsis Dessins techniques-Methodes deprojection Partie1:Récapitulatif This material is reproduced from Iso documents under International Organization for Standardization (Iso) Copyright License number IHS/lcC/1996. Not for resale. No part of these IsO documents may be reproduced in any form, electronic retrieval system or otherwise, except as allowed in the copyright law of the country of use, or with the prior written consent of Iso (Case postale 56, 1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, Fax +41 22 73410 79), IHs or the iso Licensor's members. ISO Reference number ISO 5456-1:1996(E) ISO5456-1:1996(E) Foreword IsO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (lsO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be rep- resented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard SO 5456-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 10, Technical drawings, product definition and related documen- tation, Subcommittee Sc 1, Basic conventions. iSO 5456 consists of the following parts, under the general title Technical drawings - Projection methods: Part 1: Synopsis Part2:Orthographic representations Part 3: Axonometric representations Part 4: Central projection Annex A of this part of ISO 5456 is for information only ISO1996 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher. International Organization for Standardization Case postale 56 · CH-1211 Geneve 20 · Switzerland PrintedinSwitzerland ii @ ISO ISO 5456-1:1996(E) Introduction in the broad field of technical activities. various projection methods are used to represent objects. All these methods have their own merits, but also their inherent disadvantages. The normal technical drawing is often an orthogonal projection, in which related representations of more than one view are utilized (see ISO 5456-2) to draw and completely define any object by means of carefully chosen views, cuts and sections. However, the execution of such two-dimensional representations requires anunderstandingofboththeprojectionmethodanditsinterpretation,so that the observer will be able to synthesize the single views into a three- dimensional object. For many technical fields and their stages of development, however, it is necessary to provide an easily understood picture to observers. Such drawings, called pictorial representation, provide a three-dimensional view ingfor readingpictorialrepresentations is necessary. Pictorial representations may be presented on their own or may sup- plement orthogonal drawings. Various methods of pictorial representations exist, but their nomenclatures differ, and may be used even contradictorily The steady increase in global technical intercommunication, as well as the evolution of methods of computer-aided design and draughting with their ISO/TC10toclarifythisproblem. The rules and conventions given in ISO 5456 should be used, in accord ance with ISO 128, for all types of technical drawings and in all fields of technical activities, such as: mechanicaland construction drawings; manuals and instruction books: -X-ray views; exploded views. ii