ISO/IEC INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 14495-1 First edition 1999-12-01 Corrected and reprinted 2000-09-15 Information technology Lossless and near-lossless compression of continuous-tone still images: Baseline Technologiesdel'information-Compressionlossless"prochede losslessdes images fixesa ton continu:Ligne debase Reference number ISO/IEC 14495-1:1999(E) IEC ISo @ISO/EC1999 ISO/IEC14495-1:1999(E) PDFdisclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this area. Adobeisa trademarkof Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event ISO/IEC 1999 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISO's member body in the country of the requester ISO copyright office Casepostale56.CH-1211Geneva20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 734 10 79 E-mail [email protected] Web www.iso.ch Printed in Switzerland ii @ISO/IEC1999-All rights reserved ISO/IEC14495-1:1999(E) CONTENTS Page 1 Scope 2 Normative references. 2.1 Identical Recommendations |International Standards 2.2 Additional references ..... 1 3 Definitions, abbreviations, symbols and conventions 2 3.1 Definitions.. 2 3.2 Abbreviations 4 3.3 Symbols. 5 4 General description.. 7 4.1 Purpose 7 4.2 Coding principles . 7 4.3 Source image. 8 4.4 Encoding process 9 4.5 Decoding process 10 4.6 Coding of multiple component images 10 4.7 Compressed image data 10 4.8 Interchange format 10 5 Interchange format requirements 11 6 Encoder requirements 11 7 Decoder requirements. 11 8 Conformance testing. 12 8.1 12 Purpose 8.2 Encoder conformance tests.. 12 8.3 Decoder conformance tests. 12 Annex A-Encoding procedures for a single component 16 A.1 Coding parameters and compressed image data... 16 A.2 Initialisations and conventions ... 16 A.3 Context determination .... 18 A.4 19 A.5 Prediction error encoding. 21 A.6 Update variables. 22 A.7 Run mode ... 23 A.8 Flow of encoding procedures 26 28 Annex B-Multi-component images B.1 Introduction .. 28 B.2 Line interleaved mode... 28 B.3 Sample interleaved mode 29 B.4 Minimum Coded Unit (MCU) 30 Annex C-Compressed data format.. 31 C.1 General aspects of the compressed data format specification. 31 C.2 General JPEG-LS coding syntax ... 31 C.3 Abbreviated format for compressed image data... 37 37 C.4 Abbreviated format for table-specification data.... @ ISO/IEC 1999 - All rights reserved ii ISO/IEC14495-1:1999(E) Page Annex D-Control procedures 38 D.1 Control procedure for encoding an image.. 38 D.2 Control procedure for encoding a frame ... 38 D.3 Control procedure for encoding a scan... 38 D.4 Control procedure for encoding a restart interval. 40 D.5 Control procedure for encoding a Minimum Coded Unit (MCU). 40 Annex E-Conformance Tests . 42 E.1 Test images.. 42 45 Annex F- Decoding procedures F.1 Process flow ... 45 Annex G- Description of the coding process.. 47 G.1 Context modelling ... 47 G.2 Encoding in the regular coding mode.. 48 G.3 Encoding in the run mode . 50 Annex H-Examples and guidelines. 51 51 H.1 Introduction. H.2 Example of how bits are output in the bit stream 51 51 H.3 Detailed coding example. H.4 Example image data 57 H.5 Use of SPIFF with JPEG-LS compressed image data 63 Annex I -Bibliography 65 66 Annex J-Patents Included files and programs: JPEG-LS reference implementation JPEG-LS conformance testing image set Auxiliaryprograms a